Yum software package manager

General information

BaseOS	Core system packages	Needs to remain stable	OS installation, system libraries

AppStream	Extra software & modules	Provides multiple versions of software	Databases, programming languages

updates	Security patches & bug fixes	Keeps updates separate for controlled installation	Installing only critical security updates

backup	Archived or custom packages	Allows rollback & storage of old/custom software	Restoring older software versions

Usecases:

1. [BaseOS]

• Purpose: This repository contains the core operating system components required to install and run RHEL.

2. [AppStream]

• Purpose: The Application Stream (AppStream) repository contains additional software packages and developer tools that are not part of the base OS but can be installed as needed.

Use Case of [updates] Repository

• Scenario 1: A company runs a critical database server on RHEL and wants to apply security updates without modifying core system packages. They enable [updates] and only install security patches.

• Scenario 2: A user installs RHEL from a DVD or ISO but later wants to ensure they have the latest security patches. They enable [updates] to get the latest fixes without touching BaseOS or AppStream.

Use Case of [backup] Repository

• Scenario 1: A company upgrades all servers but keeps an archive of old RPMs in [backup] in case they need to reinstall legacy software.

• Scenario 2: An admin moves unused software packages to [backup] instead of deleting them, allowing retrieval if needed.

Task 1:

http://utility.domain15.example.com/BaseOS

http://utility.domain15.example.com/AppStream

Also configure your GPG key to use this location

http://utility.domain15.example.com/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release Answer

Solution:

[BaseOS]
name=BaseOS
baseurl=http://utility.domain15.example.com/BaseOS
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://utility.domain15.example.com/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release

[AppStream]
name=AppStream
baseurl=http://utility.domain15.example.com/AppStream
enabled=1
gpgkey=http://utility.domain15.example.com/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release

# clean cached data and temporary files associated with yum
yum clean all

# list all enabled repositories
yum repolist

Task 2:

http://server.domain11.example.com/pub/updatesserver.domain11.example.com

Following requirements must met:

Updated kernel used as the default kernal of system start up.

The ogirinal kernel is still valid and can be guided when system starts up.

Solution:

vim /etc/yum.repos.d/local.repo

[updates]
name=Local Updates
basurl=http://server.domain11.example.com/pub/updates
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0

yum clean all
yum install kernel
rpm -qa | grep kernel
grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub2/grub.cfg
grub2-set-default 0
reboot
uname -r

Task 3:

Install FTP server, and request to anonymous download from /var/ftp/pubcatalog. (it needs you to configure yum directto the already existing file server).

Solution:

yum install vsftpd
vim /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf
mkdir -p /var/ftp/pub
chown ftp:ftp /var/fsp/pub
systemctl start vsftpd
systemctl enable vsftpd
firewall-cmd --permanent --add-service=ftp
firewall-cmd --reload

Task 4:

Configure a default software repository for your system.

Solution:

vim /etc/yum.repos.d/backup.repo

[backup]
name=Backup
baseurl=link
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=link

yum clean all
yum makecache